بررسی میزان برشته‌کردن بر برخی ویژگی‌های فیزیکوشیمیایی، عملکردی، جریان‌پذیری، آنتی‌‌اکسیدانی و حسی آرد سویای برشته‌شده به‌‌عنوان جایگزین کاکائو

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 استاد، گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه فرآوری مواد غذایی، مؤسسه پژوهشی علوم و صنایع غذایی، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

باتوجه‌به اهمیت یافتن جایگزین‌های مناسب برای پودرکاکائو، ترکیب شیمیایی، ویژگی‌های فیزیکوشیمیایی و عملکردی، خصوصیات فیزیکی و جریان‌پذیری (زاویۀ ریپوز، ضریب هاسنر و اندیس تراکم‌پذیری کار)، همچنین ویژگی‌های حرارتی، آنتی‌اکسیدانی و حسی آرد سویای برشته‌شده در فرایند حرارتی دانه‌های سویا در دمای 165 درجۀ سانتی‌گراد، در زمان‌های 4، 6، 8، 10 و 12 دقیقه بررسی شد. مقادیر عناصر کلسیم، سدیم، آهن، روی، منگنز، مس و منیزیم با اعمال فرایند برشته‌کردن در نمونه‌ها افزایش نشان داد. با افزایش زمان برشته‌کردن، زاویۀ ریپوز در نمونه‌ها کاهش نشان داد. ضریب هاسنر و اندیس تراکم‌پذیری کار به‌ترتیب در نمونۀ آرد خام سویا 1/51 و 33/33 بود و پس از برشته‌کردن به 1/40 و 28/73 کاهش یافت. پژوهش نشان داد آرد سویا دارای جریان‌پذیری نسبتاً ضعیفی است و در محدودۀ پودرهای روان قرار نمی‌گیرد. پارامتر رنگی L* که به‌عنوان شاخص دما ـ زمان در فرایند برشته‌کردن مواد غذایی (نظیر قهوه و کاکائو) مورداستفاده قرار می‌گیرد، با افزایش زمان کاهش یافت. نتایج حاصل از بررسی فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی نشان داد که با افزایش زمان، فعالیت ضدرادیکالی و مقدار فنول کل در نمونه‌ها افزایش یافت و همبستگی معنی‌داری بین میزان فنول و فعالیت ضدرادیکالی مشاهده گردید (0/05>P). تجزیه‌وتحلیل حرارتی نمونه نشان‌دهندۀ پایداری حرارتی بالای آرد سویای برشته می‌باشد. نتایج ارزیابی حسی نشان داد نمونۀ آرد برشته‌شده برای 8 دقیقه را به لحاظ پذیرش کلی، قابل مقایسه با پودر کاکائو می‌باشد.

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دوره 7، شماره 2
تیر 1397
صفحه 177-196
  • تاریخ دریافت: 02 آبان 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 01 بهمن 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 09 بهمن 1396