پژوهش و نوآوری در علوم و صنایع غذایی
مروری بر فیکوبیلی‌پروتئین‌های سیانوباکتری‌ها: ساختمان، عملکرد و کاربردهای صنعتی آن در صنایع غذایی و دارویی
نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری
نویسندگان
1 استادیار، گروه بهداشت مواد غذایی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 استادیار، گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم و فناوری‌های عملگرا، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
فیکوبیلی‌پروتئین‌ها، رنگدانه‌های جانبی فتوسنتزی با ساختمان تتراپیرولی مستخرج از سویه‌های باکتری‌ها هستند که در داخل ساختمانی به نام فیکوبیلی‌زوم روی غشاهایی تلاکوئیدی سازمان یافته‌اند. فیکوبیلی‌پروتئین‌ها، به‌طور گسترده‌ای در ساخت پروب‌های فلورسنت و تجزیه‌وتحلیل بالینی و ایمونولوژیکی تجاری‌سازی شده‌اند، علاوه‌برآن قابلیت رنگ‌کنندگی آنها همراه با خواص آنتی‌اکسیدانی و دارویی به اثبات رسیده است. فیکواریترین‌ها، فیکوسیانین‌ها و آلوفیکوسیانین‌ها از انواع اصلی فیکوبیلی‌پروتئین‌ها هستند که به‌عنوان مکمل‌های غذایی فراسودمند امروزه کاربرد وسیعی دارند، بااین‌حال تاکنون در ایران به ارزش واقعی این رنگدانۀ طبیعی با خواص زیست‌فعال پی‌برده نشده است. امروزه استفاده از رنگ‌کننده‌ها و آنتی‌اکسیدان‌های مصنوعی در محصولات غذایی، منجربه‌افزایش بیماری سرطان در بسیاری از انسان‌ها شده است. ازاین‌رو، آگاهی از حضور رنگدانه‌های طبیعی خوراکی با منشأ طبیعی از اهمیت خاصی برخوردار است. ازطرف‌دیگر، ازآنجایی‌که تاکنون مقالۀ مروری درمورد استخراج، جداسازی و خالص‌سازی و همچنین ارزیابی فعالیت زیستی رنگدانۀ فیکواریترین و فیکوسیانین در ایران به چاپ نرسیده است، لذا این چنین مقاله‌های مروری می‌توانند زمینه‌ساز معرفی رنگدانه‌های طبیعی خوراکی از سیانوباکتری‌ها با قابلیت استفاده در صنایع غذایی تلقی گردد. بنابراین هدف از این مقالۀ مروری؛ معرفی ساختار، عملکرد، بیوسنتز و روش‌های مختلف استخراج فیکوبیلی‌پروتئین‌ها در ابعاد صنعتی به‌همراه کاربردهای مختلف فیکوسیانین‌ها در صنایع غذایی و دارویی است.
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دوره 10، شماره 2
شهریور 1400صفحه 181-198
- تاریخ دریافت: 08 خرداد 1400
- تاریخ بازنگری: 05 شهریور 1400
- تاریخ پذیرش: 06 شهریور 1400
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